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　　三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報(bào)道

精彩|　　“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”概??(gai)念??(nian)的??(de)提??(ti)出??(chu)及??(ji)在??(zai)考??(kao)古??(gu)學(xué)?(xue)界??(jie)的??(de)爭(zhēng)??(zheng)訟?(song)　　盡??(jin)管??(guan)迄??(qi)今??(jin)考??(kao)古??(gu)學(xué)??(xue)者??(zhe)對(duì)??(dui)“最??(zui)早?(zao)的?(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”的??(de)理??(li)解??(jie)千??(qian)差??(cha)萬??(wan)別??(bie)??，但??(dan)絕??(jue)大??(da)多??(duo)數(shù)??(shu)學(xué)??(xue)者??(zhe)普??(pu)遍??(bian)認(rèn)??(ren)為??(wei)??，“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”在??(zai)古??(gu)代??(dai)文??(wen)獻(xiàn)??(xian)所??(suo)記??(ji)被??(bei)稱?(cheng)為?(wei)“天??(tian)下??(xia)之??(zhi)中??(zhong)”的??(de)河??(he)洛??(luo)一??(yi)帶??(dai)??。??黃??(huang)帝??(di)及??(ji)其??(qi)部??(bu)落??(luo)的??(de)誕?(dan)生??(sheng)??，或??(huo)公??(gong)元??(yuan)前?(qian)4000年??(nian)左?(zuo)右??(you)的??(de)廟??(miao)底??(di)溝??(gou)時(shí)??(shi)代??(dai)??，尚??(shang)未??(wei)建??(jian)立?(li)起?(qi)中?(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)歷??(li)史??(shi)上??(shang)嚴(yán)??(yan)格??(ge)意??(yi)義??(yi)上?(shang)的??(de)早??(zao)期??(qi)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)??，尚??(shang)未??(wei)步??(bu)入??(ru)考??(kao)古??(gu)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)、歷??(li)史??(shi)學(xué)??(xue)家??(jia)所??(suo)說??(shuo)的??(de)文??(wen)明??(ming)時(shí)?(shi)代??(dai)??，顯?(xian)然??(ran)都??(dou)不??(bu)能??(neng)稱??(cheng)為??(wei)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的?(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”??。在??(zai)部??(bu)落??(luo)聯(lián)??(lian)盟??(meng)基?(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)建??(jian)立??(li)起??(qi)來??(lai)的?(de)夏??(xia)商??(shang)共??(gong)主??(zhu)政??(zheng)體?(ti)制??(zhi)國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)??，國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)的??(de)制??(zhi)度??(du)中??(zhong)仍?(reng)保??(bao)留??(liu)有??(you)濃??(nong)厚??(hou)的??(de)部?(bu)落??(luo)聯(lián)??(lian)盟??(meng)制??(zhi)殘??(can)余??(yu)??，國(guó)??(guo)家??(jia)形??(xing)態(tài)??(tai)和??(he)結(jié)??(jie)構(gòu)??(gou)形?(xing)式??(shi)呈??(cheng)現(xiàn)??(xian)出??(chu)明?(ming)顯??(xian)的?(de)原??(yuan)始??(shi)性??(xing)、松??(song)散??(san)性??(xing)??，并??(bing)非??(fei)土??(tu)廣??(guang)民??(min)眾??(zhong)的??(de)廣??(guang)域??(yu)王?(wang)權(quán)??(quan)國(guó)?(guo)家??(jia)??，因??(yin)而??(er)很??(hen)難??(nan)視?(shi)為??(wei)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理??(li)學(xué)??(xue)視??(shi)閾??(yu)下??(xia)的?(de)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”??。西?(xi)周??(zhou)王??(wang)朝??(chao)的??(de)建?(jian)立??(li)??，通?(tong)過??(guo)對(duì)??(dui)四??(si)土??(tu)、四??(si)方?(fang)持??(chi)續(xù)?(xu)大??(da)規(guī)??(gui)模?(mo)的??(de)軍??(jun)事??(shi)征??(zheng)服??(fu)以??(yi)及??(ji)在??(zai)此??(ci)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)上??(shang)的?(de)大??(da)批??(pi)封??(feng)建??(jian)??，開??(kai)拓??(tuo)出??(chu)了??(le)空??(kong)前??(qian)廣??(guang)袤??(mao)的??(de)疆??(jiang)域??(yu)??，初??(chu)步??(bu)奠??(dian)定?(ding)了??(le)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)古??(gu)代??(dai)統(tǒng)??(tong)一??(yi)的??(de)中??(zhong)原?(yuan)王??(wang)朝??(chao)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理??(li)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)??。西??(xi)周??(zhou)時(shí)??(shi)期??(qi)??，民??(min)族??(zu)融??(rong)合??(he)空??(kong)前??(qian)加??(jia)速??(su)??，為??(wei)漢??(han)民??(min)族??(zu)的?(de)前??(qian)身??(shen)??，華??(hua)夏??(xia)民??(min)族??(zu)的??(de)形??(xing)成??(cheng)奠??(dian)定??(ding)了??(le)堅(jiān)??(jian)實(shí)??(shi)的??(de)基??(ji)礎(chǔ)??(chu)??。周??(zhou)人??(ren)的??(de)積??(ji)極??(ji)倡??(chang)導(dǎo)??(dao)并??(bing)長(zhǎng)??(chang)期??(qi)實(shí)?(shi)踐??(jian)的??(de)“德??(de)”的??(de)觀??(guan)念??(nian)及??(ji)影??(ying)響??(xiang)周??(zhou)人??(ren)政祝(zheng)治?(zhi)、軍??(jun)事??(shi)、文??(wen)化??(hua)等??(deng)方??(fang)方??(fang)面??(mian)面??(mian)的??(de)禮??(li)樂??(le)文??(wen)明??(ming)??，構(gòu)??(gou)成??(cheng)孔??(kong)子??(zi)仁??(ren)禮?(li)學(xué)??(xue)說??(shuo)的??(de)重??(zhong)要??(yao)源??(yuan)頭??(tou)??，并?(bing)匯??(hui)入??(ru)數(shù)??(shu)千??(qian)年??(nian)來??(lai)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)傳??(chuan)統(tǒng)??(tong)文??(wen)化??(hua)的??(de)主??(zhu)干??(gan)??，成??(cheng)為??(wei)中??(zhong)華??(hua)民??(min)族??(zu)生??(sheng)生?(sheng)不??(bu)息??(xi)、發(fā)??(fa)展?(zhan)壯??(zhuang)大??(da)的??(de)豐??(feng)厚??(hou)滋??(zi)養(yǎng)??(yang)??。西??(xi)周??(zhou)王??(wang)朝??(chao)才?(cai)可??(ke)以??(yi)稱?(cheng)得??(de)上??(shang)政??(zheng)治??(zhi)地??(di)理??(li)學(xué)??(xue)、民??(min)族??(zu)學(xué)??(xue)視??(shi)閾??(yu)和??(he)文??(wen)化??(hua)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)意?(yi)義??(yi)上??(shang)的??(de)“最??(zui)早??(zao)的??(de)中??(zhong)國(guó)??(guo)”??。

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